Industry briefing · Real estate
What real estate businesses sell for, and why
What property management, home inspection, brokerage, title, and appraisal businesses sell for, and how to sell yours for more.
Most real estate services firms are tiny: nine in ten brokerage and appraisal offices employed fewer than five people in the 2023 Census count. So a buyer pays for what outlasts the owner, the management agreements that can be assigned, the doors and the referring agents that stay, the licences and trust accounts in order, and holds part of the price against the doors that leave.
At a glance
- Typical range at sale
- 2.5x to 3.5xon owner earnings
- Who buys
- PE-backed roll-up platforms, larger regional managers, franchise systems, search funders
- Weighed first
- RtRetention
What real estate businesses sell for
Every figure is a multiple of something. The measure sits beside each one, because multiples of owner earnings, EBITDA, and revenue do not compare with each other.
| Multiple | On | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2.5x to 3.5x | Owner earnings | Typical range at saleFNDRS industry playbook |
| 2.72x | Owner earnings | Managers: owner earningsBizBuySell, 2025 |
| 2.5x to 3x | Owner earnings | Managers: EBITDA by sizeCT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026 |
| 2.5x to 3.5x | Owner earnings | Inspectors: solo against managedCT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026 |
- Owner earnings
- Profit before the owner's own pay and perks, interest, taxes, and depreciation. Small, owner-run businesses are priced on it.
Who buys real estate businesses
- PE-backed roll-up platforms
- larger regional managers
- franchise systems
- search funders
Property managers sell to PE-backed roll-ups, larger managers, and search funders; inspection firms to franchise systems, two of them owned by private equity. Buyers of brokerages, title agencies, and appraisal firms were not sourced.
- Managers: platforms and operators. Buyers of property managers are PE-backed roll-up platforms in residential, association, and commercial management, larger regional managers, brokerages and proptech firms, and search funders for small firms. CT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026
- Inspectors: franchise consolidators. The named acquirers of inspection firms are franchise systems: Pillar To Post (Authority Brands, Apax-owned since 2018), HomeTeam (FirstService Brands), AmeriSpec (ServiceMaster, Roark since 2020), and WIN. CT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026
- Inspectors: platforms and search funds. Beyond franchisors, PE-backed residential services platforms, search funds, and regional firms of 10 to 40 inspectors buy, the last funded by SBA 7(a) loans and seller notes. CT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026
What diligence reads first
The business is a book of contracts and relationships, and the owner is usually the one who signed them. A buyer prices the doors, the agents, and the agreements that will still be there a year after the owner is gone, and holds part of the price until they are.
Doors retained are the number a buyer of a property manager prices on. Doors leaving are counted, and part of the price is often held back or earned out against the doors that stay over a set window.
Every management agreement is read for its assignment and termination clause. An agreement that transfers only with the owner's consent is a consent to collect before close, which is why larger buyers prefer to buy the entity.
Concentration is capped on both sides of the trade. A buyer of a manager caps any one owner's share of the doors; a buyer of an inspection firm ranks 24 months of referrals by agent, and one sell-side broker's guide puts the line at a top five above 35 percent of revenue, which draws an earn-out.
Trust accounts are reconciled three ways, every month, and the money in them belongs to the clients. It never transfers, and a buyer asks to see the monthly reconciliations.
Licences come with the people, not the brand. Every inspector's state licence is checked, and a title agency is read on its age, its margins, and how long its people have stayed.
Buyers model the contracts and relationships that outlast the owner: management agreements that can be assigned, doors that stay, referring agents spread wide, licences in order, and trust accounts reconciled monthly.
- Contracts, doors, trust accounts. Buyers of managers read every management agreement's assignment and termination clause, count doors leaving, cap any one owner's share, and ask for monthly three-way trust reconciliations. CT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026
- Referring agents and licences. Inspection buyers rank 24 months of referrals by agent; a top five above 35 percent of revenue draws an earn-out, and every inspector's state licence is checked. CT Acquisitions (business broker), 2026
- Title: income, margins, tenure. A title software vendor says agencies are valued on a multiple of net income, moved by the agency's age, efficiency, margins, and employee tenure. TitleCapture (software vendor), 2023
The element buyers weigh first
Retention
Share of customers and revenue that stays from one year to the next.
What it measures. Gross and net revenue retention by customer cohort over the trailing twelve months.
Today and prepared, side by side
The difference is preparation, and in real estate it shows up in a handful of measurable places. This is the shape of it, drafted for the industry and read against what buyers actually pay.
| Today | Prepared | |
|---|---|---|
| Multiple on owner earnings | 2.6x | 3.4x |
| Doors retained over twelve months | 80% | 95% |
| Doors with the largest single owner | 30% | 10% |
| Management agreements assignable without consent | 40% | 90% |
Illustrative figures for real estate. Your numbers come from the calculator.
Know what your real estate business is worth before a buyer tells you
Fifteen minutes for the exit score, then a conversation with the deal team.